Corrected the calculation to apply higher SDLT rates only to purchases of £40,000 or more. This corrects the implementation of an existing rule; the tax rates have not changed.
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Every change to a tax rate or rule our calculators use, with the date and the official source.
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Corrected the calculation to apply higher SDLT rates only to purchases of £40,000 or more. This corrects the implementation of an existing rule; the tax rates have not changed.
Corrected the SDLT total to round down to whole pounds after adding all tax bands, as required by the existing HMRC rule. The tax rates have not changed.
Recorded the residential SDLT bands in force from 1 April 2025, and the 5% surcharge on top of each band for buying an additional property.
Recorded the verified 2026/27 income tax bands and the residential finance cost credit, including Scottish taxable-income bands. These are existing rules, checked for the new calculators.
Recorded the 3.75% Bank Rate as an editable starting value. It is an illustrative default, not a mortgage quotation.
Recorded the 22%, 42% and 47% property income rates and 22% finance cost credit enacted for 6 April 2027. The source specification predates enactment. Scottish and Welsh 2027/28 rates are not assumed.
Recorded the verified 2026/27 income tax bands and the residential finance cost credit, including Scottish taxable-income bands. These are existing rules, checked for the new calculators.
Recorded the 22%, 42% and 47% property income rates and 22% finance cost credit enacted for 6 April 2027. The source specification predates enactment. Scottish and Welsh 2027/28 rates are not assumed.
Recorded the England rent increase notice rules effective from 1 May 2026, with explicit service and monthly rental-period assumptions. A chosen-date service deadline cannot be calculated from the specified inputs.
Recorded the statutory notice periods for 37 possession grounds. Dates are conditional notice-period estimates; ground eligibility and court outcomes require separate checks.
Recorded the enacted MTD income entry thresholds for 2026 to 2028 and the quarterly update deadlines. The four-input check does not establish exemptions or permission to leave an existing obligation.
Recorded the conditional London 90-night planning exception and the abolition of furnished holiday lettings tax treatment. Per-stay cleaning results need information outside the specified fields and are shown as unavailable when necessary.
This calculator uses your inputs without an external rate table. No rate changes are recorded.
Calculation correction: added Victoria's principal place of residence rates for owner-occupiers, up to a dutiable value of A$550,000, so choosing No for an investment property now estimates duty and net yield instead of leaving them unresolved. Investors still pay general rates. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: added Queensland's home concession rates for owner-occupiers, so duty and net yield are estimated when the property is not an investment. The page states the 1 August 2026 condition that the buyer is an Australian citizen, permanent resident or specified foreign retiree. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: added Western Australia's concessional rate for a principal place of residence valued at A$200,000 or less; owner-occupiers above that and investors pay the general rate. Replaced the moved residential land fact sheet link. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: added the eligible owner occupier rates in Table 1 of the 2026 duty determination, so owner-occupier duty and net yield are estimated. Investment purchases still use Table 2. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: New South Wales has no separate owner-occupier rate, so choosing No now applies the general transfer duty rates and estimates net yield, before any first home buyer or other concession. Rates rechecked; no rate change.
Calculation correction: South Australia has no separate owner-occupier rate, so choosing No now applies the general stamp duty rates and estimates net yield, before any first home buyer or other concession. Rates unchanged; RevenueSA could not be reread automatically on 14 October 2026, so the values were cross-checked against the WA Treasury interstate duty table.
Calculation correction: Tasmania has no separate owner-occupier rate, so choosing No now applies the general property transfer duty rates and estimates net yield, before any first home buyer or other concession. Rates rechecked; no rate change.
Calculation correction: the Northern Territory applies its statutory duty formula to owner-occupiers, and its principal place of residence rebate does not apply to conveyances from 8 February 2019. Choosing No now estimates duty and net yield before any first home buyer or other concession. Rates rechecked; no rate change.
Added verified NSW ordinary investor transfer duty to the rental yield calculator, with state-specific rounding and eligibility limits.
Added verified VIC ordinary investor transfer duty to the rental yield calculator, with state-specific rounding and eligibility limits.
Added verified QLD ordinary investor transfer duty to the rental yield calculator, with state-specific rounding and eligibility limits.
Added verified WA ordinary investor transfer duty to the rental yield calculator, with state-specific rounding and eligibility limits.
Added verified SA ordinary investor transfer duty to the rental yield calculator, with state-specific rounding and eligibility limits.
Added verified TAS ordinary investor transfer duty to the rental yield calculator, with state-specific rounding and eligibility limits.
Added verified ACT ordinary investor transfer duty to the rental yield calculator, with state-specific rounding and eligibility limits.
Added verified NT ordinary investor transfer duty to the rental yield calculator, with state-specific rounding and eligibility limits.
Verified the 2026-27 and 2027-28 Australian resident income-tax bands for the new calculators. Their tax estimates exclude Medicare levy, offsets and personal deductions.
Recorded the 4.60% RBA cash rate effective 30 September 2026 as an editable illustrative default, not a mortgage quotation.
Verified the 2026-27 and 2027-28 Australian resident income-tax bands for the new calculators. Their tax estimates exclude Medicare levy, offsets and personal deductions.
Recorded the rental loss restrictions enacted for 1 July 2027 and the 12 May 2026 acquisition cutoff. The comparison retains conditional new-build eligibility and does not model other properties, gains or carried-forward losses.
This calculator uses your inputs without an external rate table. No rate changes are recorded.
Recorded the Bank of Canada policy rate as an editable benchmark, not a lender mortgage quote.
Recorded the CMHC Income Property premium schedule and eligibility limits; the entered premium is explicitly financed and the listed inputs cannot certify eligibility.
Timing coverage update: first increases and monthly rent payment days are now inputs. Manitoba and PEI use the unit’s history across tenants. Notice deadlines distinguish rent-date counting from PEI clear calendar months, with explicit short-month schedule assumptions. This is an implementation update, not a change to annual guideline percentages.
Recorded verified 2026 and 2027 provincial guidelines, conditional exemptions and notice periods. Dates assume monthly rent due on the first and personal receipt of notice.
Recorded California statewide rent and notice limits with rolling rent history. Exemptions and stricter city ordinances require separate checks.
Recorded regional BLS and statewide California DIR CPI figures for the August 2026 to July 2027 rent-cap cycle; other cycles are not guessed.
Recorded Oregon 2026 and 2027 published limits and ordinary tenancy notice, first-year and annual-frequency restrictions.
Recorded Washington 2026 and 2027 published limits, preserving the official three-decimal 2026 percentage, and ordinary tenancy notice and exemption checks.
Linked official rent authorities for Los Angeles, San Francisco, Oakland and Berkeley; a selected city check withholds a property maximum until local coverage is checked.
Correction: Illinois's Security Deposit Return Act has applied to every residential building since January 1, 2024, when Public Act 103-224 removed the 5-unit condition. The calculator no longer asks for the building size and always shows the 30-day damage itemization target and the 45-day full return date. The itemization period runs from the later of move-out and the end of the tenant's right of possession.
Calculation correction: the deposit limit check now asks for the facts each state's cap depends on and gives a definite within or above result with the statute cited. California uses the collection date, small-landlord and service-member status; Georgia the lease date; New Jersey the owner-occupied exemption and security added in the last year; New York the type of unit. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: Illinois now asks whether the building has 5 or more units, and smaller buildings show no state return deadline. Texas without a written forwarding address, North Carolina address cases and Florida pending, disputed or late claims now give the plain statutory answer instead of Unresolved. Georgia records why the official handbook is linked, and the Texas statute link is updated. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Recorded ten state deposit statutes using the 2024 Census renter-household ranking. Missing claim, delivery, tenancy and exception facts remain explicit conditional or unresolved checks.
This calculator uses your inputs without an external rate table. No rate changes are recorded.
Calculation correction: the July 2027 comparison now indexes the full market-value cost base before subtracting later capital works deductions. This preserves the indexed component of those deductions and corrects the estimated later gain and tax. It corrects the implementation of existing legislation, not a change to the law.
Calculation correction: later costs of owning are excluded from the reduced cost base used for capital losses. They remain unindexed in the gain cost base. This prevents a false loss from reducing the deferred gain; genuine losses still offset gains before the discount. No new input or output was added.
Calculation correction: cost base reductions for deductions from 1 July 2027, such as capital works, now reduce the gain made after 30 June 2027 instead of the discounted gain to that date, which had understated the July 2027 estimate. Each later cost now records its kind, so a cost of owning is not indexed. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: the July 2027 comparison now estimates tax under the enacted rules. A property held at 30 June 2027 is treated as sold for its market value, a new input; that gain keeps the 50% discount, the later gain uses CPI indexation and the 30% minimum tax gap applies unless a listed payment is received. Later costs can be dated. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Added the published quarterly All groups CPI index numbers for the weighted average of eight capital cities (September 2025 = 100.00) to the June quarter 2026. Quarters from September 2027, which the July 2027 indexation uses, are projected from the expected inflation input and shown as estimates.
New data: the 2.5% midpoint of the Reserve Bank's 2 to 3 per cent inflation target pre-fills expected inflation as a labelled typical value for projecting unpublished CPI quarters. Replace it with your own expectation.
Recorded enacted July 2027 CGT reform separately from its current-discount baseline. The dependent calculator remains draft because indexation data and prescribed-input gaps are unresolved.
Recorded the availability cutoff for required quarterly CPI. No post-July 2027 CPI or forecast is invented; the indexation comparison remains unavailable.
Added the sourced 2026/27 CGT rates and conditional 60-day reporting rule; exchange across tax years and other gains require a separate check.
Calculation correction: both positions are now estimated after Capital Gains Tax using the UK capital gains calculation, with new inputs for the purchase price plus buying costs, purchase date, ownership share and other taxable income. Sales after 5 April 2027 assume the 2026/27 rates continue until later rates are published. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Added a keep-or-sell projection using the listed fields. Both after-CGT positions remain unresolved because purchase history and tax circumstances are absent; supporting arithmetic is explicitly before tax.
Calculation correction: both positions are now estimated after CGT using the investment property CGT calculation, with new inputs for the cost base, purchase date, ownership share, taxable income, the 30 June 2027 market value, expected inflation and listed payments. A sale from 1 July 2027 uses the enacted indexation rules. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Added the published quarterly All groups CPI index numbers for the weighted average of eight capital cities (September 2025 = 100.00) to the June quarter 2026. Quarters from September 2027, which the July 2027 indexation uses, are projected from the expected inflation input and shown as estimates.
New data: the 2.5% midpoint of the Reserve Bank's 2 to 3 per cent inflation target pre-fills expected inflation as a labelled typical value for projecting unpublished CPI quarters. Replace it with your own expectation.
Added a keep-or-sell projection using the listed fields. Both after-CGT positions remain unresolved because purchase history and tax circumstances are absent; supporting arithmetic is explicitly before tax.
Calculation correction: the fixed-term end date, rent due date, New York time in the home and California earlier increases are now inputs, so all ten states give an estimated earliest date and required notice. States without a rent-increase notice statute use the notice that ends a periodic tenancy, and fixed terms without a state rule follow the lease. State statutes were rechecked. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Added notice rules for the ten largest renter states. Missing tenancy history, rental-period alignment and local coverage leave affected earliest dates unresolved.
Calculation correction: Texas building size, North Carolina payment frequency and New Jersey protected status and due date are now inputs, so their late-fee limits and grace periods are calculated. States without a statewide numeric cap now say so instead of showing Unresolved. The Pennsylvania source is replaced by the Attorney General's tenant guide, and New Jersey business days use the 2026 state and federal holiday lists. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: North Carolina now shows the common statutory ceiling when the weekly and monthly formulas agree. The five-day threshold, agreement conditions and unresolved cases where the amounts differ remain. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Added a ten-state late-fee reference with statutory grace periods, conditional ceilings and explicit unresolved cases; reasonableness safe harbors are not absolute maxima.
Updated the editable national savings-rate illustration from September's 0.37% to October's 0.38%, published on October 19. This is a bank-account benchmark, not a statutory deposit-interest rate. Enter the actual account rate where the jurisdiction requires it.
Calculation correction: Connecticut late rent months are now entered for each calendar year, and each month forfeits interest at that year's deposit index instead of the average index for the whole period. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: every listed jurisdiction now gives an estimated interest amount. Bank rate, passbook rate, monthly rent, months in possession, late rent months and coverage facts are inputs where the law depends on them, and Connecticut uses the Banking Commissioner's deposit index for 2015 to 2026. DC now cites the 14 DCMR 311 rule text and New Mexico the official statute. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Added the FDIC national savings rate, 0.37% as of September 21, 2026, as the typical bank rate that pre-fills the deposit interest calculator. Replace it with the rate your bank pays; it is a published average, not a statutory rate.
Calculation correction: Ohio deposits of $50 or less now show zero statutory interest within verified date coverage because there is no interest-bearing excess. Larger deposits still need monthly rent and possession details. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Added state and DC deposit-interest requirements with verified Minnesota and Maryland calculations. Bank earnings and eligibility gaps remain unresolved; no city ordinances or unverified years are assumed.
This calculator uses your inputs without an external rate table. No rate changes are recorded.
This calculator uses your inputs without an external rate table. No rate changes are recorded.
This calculator uses your inputs without an external rate table. No rate changes are recorded.
Added the IRS Table A-6 schedule for residential GDS depreciation, with land excluded and the mid-month convention.
Added the 2026 federal rate tables and a limited section 1250 and capital-gains estimate using Schedule D worksheet mechanics.
Rechecked the 8 October 2026 survey average of 7.40%. It now pre-fills the interest rate as a labeled typical value in the DSCR, cash-out refinance and house hacking calculators, and their worked examples use the same value. Replace it with your own rate.
Added the 50% share of gross short-term rental income that Fannie Mae counts as net rental income. It pre-fills the new short-term income field as a typical value, and a new actual monthly rent field lets the calculator estimate required rent and DSCR at a given rent in both modes.
Recorded the 8 October 2026 PMMS benchmark as an editable default, not a DSCR loan quote.
Added the Bank of Canada typical posted 5-year conventional mortgage rate, 6.19% for 7 October 2026, as the pre-filled rate for the new refinance payment. With your amortization and operating costs, cash flow after the refinance is now estimated using half-yearly compounding.
Rechecked the 80% conventional planning limit and added the insured loan rules: an insured loan must fund a purchase, repay an existing balance or pay for added housing units, and CMHC Refinance does not permit equity take-out. The insured option now shows no capital released instead of an unresolved result.
Added the conventional 80% refinance planning limit; CMHC secondary-suite financing is not a generic cash-out refinance.
This calculator uses your inputs without an external rate table. No rate changes are recorded.
Calculation correction: add tenancy, agreement and planned-date facts for earliest-increase and notice-deadline calculations. Recheck state-specific day counting, including Queensland's period-end rules and Tasmania's more-than-60-day requirement. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Added dated ordinary rent-increase timing rules for all eight Australian states and territories. Missing agreement facts remain explicit.
Added Scottish LBTT bands and ADS, with threshold and final whole-pound rounding.
Added Welsh standard and higher residential LTT bands, with whole-pound consideration and penny tax amounts.
Rechecked the 8 October 2026 survey average of 7.40%. It now pre-fills the interest rate as a labeled typical value in the DSCR, cash-out refinance and house hacking calculators, and their worked examples use the same value. Replace it with your own rate.
Added the CFPB statement that most home buyers choose a 30-year loan as the typical loan term in the house hacking calculator. The cash deposit is the buyer's own figure, so it now starts empty and is required.
This calculator uses your inputs without an external rate table. No rate changes are recorded.
This calculator uses your inputs without an external rate table. No rate changes are recorded.
This calculator uses your inputs without an external rate table. No rate changes are recorded.
This calculator uses your inputs without an external rate table. No rate changes are recorded.
This calculator uses your inputs without an external rate table. No rate changes are recorded.
Rechecked the 8 October 2026 survey average of 7.40%. It now pre-fills the interest rate as a labeled typical value in the DSCR, cash-out refinance and house hacking calculators, and their worked examples use the same value. Replace it with your own rate.
Recorded the 8 October 2026 PMMS benchmark as an editable default, not a DSCR loan quote.
Calculation correction: co-owners now get the Revenue NSW joint assessment plus an individual assessment on their share and other land, less the lesser of its two deductions. Other NSW land is added to the assessment, foreign persons pay 5% surcharge land tax on their share of this land, and non-concessional companies pay 1.6% or 2% without the threshold. Additional facts are disclosed in the form; this is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: co-owners now get the joint ownership assessment plus, where Victoria issues one, an individual assessment less the lesser of its two deductions. Other Victorian land is added, and an absentee owner answer applies the absentee scales, including absentee rates on the joint assessment only when every co-owner is an absentee. Additional facts are disclosed in the form; this is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: a co-owner's share of this land is now added to their other Queensland land, as Queensland makes no joint assessment, and a foreign owner answer applies the absentee or foreign company and trust scales. Additional facts are disclosed in the form; this is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: co-owned land is now assessed separately for each group of co-owners and shared by ownership share, and other land held in the same capacity is added. Additional facts are disclosed in the form; this is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: co-owners now get a joint assessment plus an individual assessment on their share and other land, less their share of the joint tax and never below zero, and other SA land is added. Additional facts are disclosed in the form; this is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: co-owners are now treated as one taxpayer for the land they hold together, other General Land is added, and the 2% foreign investor land tax surcharge applies to a foreign owner's share of residential land acquired from 1 July 2022. Additional facts are disclosed in the form; this is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Calculation correction: units now pay the fixed charge plus the complex's valuation charge times the unit entitlement share, co-owners see their share of the property's tax, the base value is rounded down to whole dollars and foreign owners pay the 0.75% foreign ownership surcharge. The 2026-27 fixed charge and rates were rechecked against the ACT determination. Additional facts are disclosed in the form; this is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Ownership choices now match the other jurisdictions, with co-ownership and foreign status asked separately. The Northern Territory still has no land tax and no rate changed.
Added dated land tax scales and ownership classifications for NSW, with missing assessment facts identified in the result.
Added dated land tax scales and ownership classifications for VIC, with missing assessment facts identified in the result.
Added dated land tax scales and ownership classifications for QLD, with missing assessment facts identified in the result.
Added dated land tax scales and ownership classifications for WA, with missing assessment facts identified in the result.
Added dated land tax scales and ownership classifications for SA, with missing assessment facts identified in the result.
Added dated land tax scales and ownership classifications for TAS, with missing assessment facts identified in the result.
Added dated land tax scales and ownership classifications for ACT, with missing assessment facts identified in the result.
Added dated land tax scales and ownership classifications for NT, with missing assessment facts identified in the result.
Calculation correction: apply rental loss eligibility, personal-use and short-term compliance adjustments per property, then the combined CCA limit and signed band-tax change. Separate available CCA from the elective claim. Additional facts are disclosed in the form; this is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Added 2026 federal and provincial band-tax estimates; credits and provincial additions remain outside the stated scope.
Calculation correction: use the entered at-risk, participation, income and carryover facts to apply rental loss limits before estimating the regular federal tax change. The 2026 tax and excess-business-loss thresholds are recorded separately from IRS procedural guidance. This is an implementation correction, not a change in law.
Added the 2026 regular federal income tax bands; loss eligibility is unresolved without the required passive-activity facts.